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Compare Isle of Man (2001) - Svalbard (2001)

Compare Isle of Man (2001) z Svalbard (2001)

 Isle of Man (2001)Svalbard (2001)
 Isle of ManSvalbard
Administrative divisions there are 24 local authorities each with its own elections -
Age structure 0-14 years:
17.51% (male 6,562; female 6,306)

15-64 years:
65.19% (male 24,061; female 23,845)

65 years and over:
17.3% (male 5,076; female 7,639) (2001 est.)		 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%
Agriculture - products cereals, vegetables; cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry -
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
3

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total:
572 sq km

land:
572 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total:
62,049 sq km

land:
62,049 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)
Area - comparative slightly more than three times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than West Virginia
Background Part of the Norwegian Kingdom of the Hebrides until the 13th century when it was ceded to Scotland, the isle came under the British crown in 1765. Current concerns include reviving the almost extinct Manx Celtic language. First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.
Birth rate 11.58 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA births/1,000 population
Budget revenues:
$485 million

expenditures:
$463 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est.)		 revenues:
$11.5 million

expenditures:
$11.5 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital Douglas Longyearbyen
Climate cool summers and mild winters; temperate; overcast about one-third of the time arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year
Coastline 160 km 3,587 km
Constitution unwritten; note - The Isle of Man Constitution Act, 1961, does not embody the Manx Constitution -
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Isle of Man		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)
Currency British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Manx pound Norwegian krone (NOK)
Death rate 11.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status British crown dependency territory of Norway; administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was given to Norway
Diplomatic representation from the US none (British crown dependency) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (British crown dependency) -
Disputes - international none focus of a maritime boundary dispute between Norway and Russia
Economic aid - recipient $NA $8.2 million from Norway (1998)
Economy - overview Offshore banking, manufacturing, and tourism are key sectors of the economy. The government's policy of offering incentives to high-technology companies and financial institutions to locate on the island has paid off in expanding employment opportunities in high-income industries. As a result, agriculture and fishing, once the mainstays of the economy, have declined in their shares of GDP. Banking and other services now contribute 42% to GDP. Trade is mostly with the UK. The Isle of Man enjoys free access to EU markets. Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gives the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some trapping of seal, polar bear, fox, and walrus.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Irish Sea 0 m

highest point:
Snaefell 621 m		 lowest point:
Arctic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Newtontoppen 1,717 m
Environment - current issues waste disposal (both household and industrial); transboundary air pollution NA
Ethnic groups Manx (Norse-Celtic descent), Briton Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)
Exchange rates Manx pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); the Manx pound is at par with the British pound Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 8.7784 (January 2001), 8.8018 (2000), 7.7992 (1999), 7.5451 (1998), 7.0734 (1997), 6.4498 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
Lord of Mann Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Lieutenant Governor His Excellency Sir Timothy DAUNT (since 27 October 1995)

head of government:
Chief Minister Donald GELLING (since 3 December 1996)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch for a five-year term; the Chief Minister is elected by the Tynwald; election last held 3 December 1996 (next to be held NA 2001)

election results:
Donald GELLING elected chief minister by the Tynwald		 chief of state:
King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991)

head of government:
Governor Morten RUUD (since NA November 1998) and Assistant Governor Odd Redar HUMLEGAARD (since NA)

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice
Exports $NA $NA
Exports - commodities tweeds, herring, processed shellfish, beef, lamb -
Exports - partners UK -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description red with the Three Legs of Man emblem (Trinacria), in the center; the three legs are joined at the thigh and bent at the knee; in order to have the toes pointing clockwise on both sides of the flag, a two-sided emblem is used the flag of Norway is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $1.4 billion (1999 est.) purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
9%

services:
90% (1999 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $18,800 (1999 est.) purchasing power parity - $NA
GDP - real growth rate 13.5% (1999 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 54 15 N, 4 30 W 78 00 N, 20 00 E
Geography - note one small islet, the Calf of Man, lies to the southwest, and is a bird sanctuary northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area
Highways total:
800 km

paved:
800 km

unpaved:
0 km (1999)		 total:
NA km

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $NA $NA
Imports - commodities timber, fertilizers, fish -
Imports - partners UK -
Independence none (British crown dependency) none (territory of Norway)
Industrial production growth rate 3.2% (FY96/97) NA%
Industries financial services, light manufacturing, tourism -
Infant mortality rate 6.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2000 est.) NA%
International organization participation none none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) NA 13 (Svalbard and Jan Mayen) (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch High Court of Justice (justices are appointed by the Lord Chancellor of England on the nomination of the lieutenant governor) -
Labor force 36,610 (1998) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture, forestry and fishing 3%, manufacturing 11%, construction 10%, transport and communication 8%, wholesale and retail distribution 11%, professional and scientific services 18%, public administration 6%, banking and finance 18%, tourism 2%, entertainment and catering 3%, miscellaneous services 10% -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
9%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
46%

forests and woodland:
6%

other:
39% (includes 25% mountain and heathland)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (no trees, and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry)
Languages English, Manx Gaelic Russian, Norwegian
Legal system English common law and Manx statute NA
Legislative branch bicameral Tynwald consists of the Legislative Council (a 11-member body composed of the President of Tynwald, the Lord Bishop of Sodor and Man, a nonvoting attorney general, and 8 others named by the House of Keys) and the House of Keys (24 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
House of Keys - last held 21 November 1996 (next to be held NA November 2001)

election results:
House of Keys - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - independents 24		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.64 years

male:
74.26 years

female:
81.2 years (2001 est.)		 total population:
NA years

male:
NA years

female:
NA years
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 -
Location Western Europe, island in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway
Map references Europe Arctic Region
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
12 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia

territorial sea:
4 NM
Merchant marine total:
157 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,917,402 GRT/8,333,858 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 27, cargo 13, chemical tanker 11, combination bulk 3, container 20, liquefied gas 13, petroleum tanker 43, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 18, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 5

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 1, Denmark 1, Germany 1, Netherlands 1, Sweden 1, UK 3 (2000 est.)		 none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK demilitarized by treaty (9 February 1920)
National holiday Tynwald Day, 5 July NA
Nationality noun:
Manxman (men), Manxwoman (women)

adjective:
Manx		 -
Natural hazards NA ice floes often block up the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic
Natural resources none coal, copper, iron ore, phosphate, zinc, wildlife, fish
Net migration rate 5.44 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders there is no party system; members sit as independents -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 73,489 (July 2001 est.) 2,332 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 0.52% (2001 est.) -3.55% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Castletown, Douglas, Peel, Ramsey Barentsburg, Longyearbyen, Ny-Alesund, Pyramiden
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios NA NA
Railways total:
68.5 km (43.5 km electrified)		 0 km
Religions Anglican, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Society of Friends -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.66 male(s)/female

total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
landline, telefax, mobile cellular telephone system

international:
fiber-optic cable, microwave radio relay, satellite earth station, submarine cable		 general assessment:
probably adequate

domestic:
local telephone service

international:
satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)
Telephones - main lines in use 51,000 (1999) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular NA NA
Television broadcast stations 0 (receives broadcasts from the UK and satellite) (1999) NA
Terrain hills in north and south bisected by central valley wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts
Total fertility rate 1.65 children born/woman (2001 est.) NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate 0.6% (August 2000) -
Waterways none none
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